![]() ![]() It is found that these equations are applicable to frames with a braced connection, rather than a moment connection into the column. Less conservative empirical equations are developed based on the analysis results. It is shown, using an analytical procedure developed from first principles considering the reduction in member stiffness from axial force due to geometric and material nonlinearity, that the existing code equations are conservative. The accuracy of these equations and their applicability to columns of both moment frames and braced frames are examined in this paper. Several steel structure standards around the world contain an equation to encourage any column flexural yielding during earthquake shaking to occur at the column ends, rather than along the column length. The amount of radiated seismic energy from the earthquake was relatively small, and far fewer landslides were triggered from this event than from the 2003 Mw 7.2 Fiordland event. The oceanward rupture directivity likely contributed to the lower intensity of measured ground motion than might be expected for such a large, shallow event. Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) solutions define the rupture surface as a low-angle plane and finite fault inversions confirm the slip occurred on the interface between the eastward-subducting Australian plate and overriding Pacific plate, initiating at about 30 km depth and rupturing upward and southwestward to about 15 km depth. This can be explained as a fortunate combination of the sparse population of the area and the specific physical characteristics of the earthquake. ![]() Despite its large magnitude, this event resulted in relatively minimal damage when compared to worldwide events of a similar size. The earthquake was sufficiently large to generate at least a 2.3 m wave at Passage Point. Visit the Source: 11 March 2011, Mw 9.The Mw 7.6 Dusky Sound earthquake of July 15th, 2009, was the largest magnitude earthquake in New Zealand since the devastating 1931 Hawke‟s Bay event (Ms 7.8). IOC UNESCO Bulletin No 1 – March 16 (0.54 MB PDF).IOC UNESCO Bulletin No 2 – March 17 (0.67 MB PDF).IOC UNESCO Bulletin No 3 – March 18 (0.31 MB PDF).IOC UNESCO Bulletin No 4 – March 19 (0.15 MB PDF).IOC UNESCO Bulletin No 5 – March 20 (0.25 MB PDF).IOC UNESCO Bulletin No 6 – March 21 (0.78 MB PDF).IOC UNESCO Bulletin No 7 – March 22 (0.47 MB PDF). ![]()
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